Really, from the Adhyatmic point of view, these Varnas can be characterised also in another way: those who are established in the contemplation of Brahmam are Brahmins; those who oppose untruth are Kshatriyas; those who systematically discriminate the true from the false are the Vaisyas; those who are ever active and follow truth in every day life are the Sudras. The happiness of humanity can be amply realised only when Varnas function in this way.

Now we shall revert to the subject: Krishna addressed Arjuna: "The four Varnas have been created by Me on the basis of Guna and Karma. Though I am the doer so far as they are concerned, I am still a non-doer! Pay attention to the fundamental principle and then you will realise that Karma which is basically Jada, or consciousnessless and material, cannot affect the Atma, which is Chaithanya or suffused with consciousness. The Atma is inherently devoid of attachment. It has no awareness of agency or of its own needs or nature of its possessions. It has no 'I' or 'mine' for these are the marks of Ajnana. Only those afflicted with Ajnana will suffer from the ego or sense of 'mine'. Though it may appear to ordinary eyes that I am the doer, I am a non-doer!"

"Not only this. Karma does not cease to affect the doer as soon as it is finished. In fact, it is never finished. Karma yields fruits; fruits of Karma breed desire for them; that results in impulses for further Karma; the impulses bring about further births. Thus, Karma leads to the cycle of births and deaths; it is a vicious whirlpool, making you revolve round and round and finally dragging you down into the depths."

"Arjuna, listen well to another point also. Karma as such has no capacity to bind; it is the conceit 'I am the doer' that brings about the attachment and the bond; it is the desire to earn the fruit that produces the bondage. For example: the zero gets value only with the association of a digit. Karma is zero; agency or the feeling of 'doer' is associated with the Karma; then it breeds bonds. So Arjuna, give up the sense of "I" and the Karma that you do will never harm you. Karma done without any desire for the fruits thereof will not produce impulses; that is to say, there will be no impulse for birth even. The aspirants of past ages performed Karma with this high ideal in view. They never felt that they were the "doers" or "enjoyers of the fruits" of any act. The Lord did, the Lord gave the fruit, the Lord enjoyed the fruit, that was their conviction. This world has only a relative value; it has no absolute existence; that was their faith. Arjuna! You too should cultivate that faith and earn that conviction. Do so; then your mind will become clarified and pure."